NAD+

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is an essential coenzyme found in all living cells that participates in over 500 enzymatic reactions, most critically as an electron carrier in oxidative phosphorylation and as a substrate for regulatory enzymes including sirtuins and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs). NAD+ alternates between its oxidized (NAD+) and reduced (NADH) forms to facilitate cellular energy production and redox balance. Cellular NAD+ levels decline with aging and metabolic dysfunction, and this decline has been associated with impaired mitochondrial function, increased oxidative stress, and reduced DNA repair capacity. Research using NAD+ supplementation models has explored its influence on sirtuin activation, mitochondrial biogenesis, cellular senescence, and neuroprotection. For research use only. Not for human consumption.

Chemical Structure and Identification

• Molecular Formula: C₂₁H₂₈N₇O₁₄P₂+
• Molecular Weight: 664.43 g/mol
• CAS Number: 53-84-9

Research Applications

• Sirtuin and Epigenetic Research: Investigation of NAD+-dependent sirtuin (SIRT1-7) deacetylase and ADP-ribosyltransferase activity in gene regulation, metabolism, and longevity pathway models [1]
• Mitochondrial Function and Aging: Study of NAD+ repletion effects on mitochondrial biogenesis, oxidative phosphorylation efficiency, and age-related cellular dysfunction models [2]
• DNA Repair and Genomic Stability: Examination of PARP-dependent NAD+ consumption in response to DNA strand breaks and the downstream effects on cellular repair capacity [3]
• Neuroprotection Research: Analysis of NAD+ and its precursors in models of neurodegeneration, axonal degeneration, and Wallerian-type pathology in neuronal cell systems [4]

Reference Citations

1. Imai SI et al. (2016) – Trends Cell Biol | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26718402/
2. Yoshino J et al. (2018) – Cell Metab | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29562149/
3. Bai P et al. (2011) – Cell Metab | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21907140/
4. PMC12468054 | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12468054/

Important Regulatory Notice

These products are for research use only and are not intended for human consumption, therapeutic use, or diagnostic purposes. All compounds described herein have not been approved by the FDA for human use. These products are strictly intended for in vitro laboratory research and analytical purposes when conducted by qualified research professionals in licensed facilities. Users are responsible for ensuring compliance with all applicable laws regarding purchase and use of these materials.