KPV

KPV (Lys-Pro-Val) is a naturally occurring tripeptide derived from the C-terminal alpha-MSH (alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone) sequence. It represents the minimal active fragment of alpha-MSH that retains anti-inflammatory bioactivity, acting through melanocortin receptor-independent mechanisms in addition to partial MC1R engagement. KPV has been studied for its ability to inhibit NF-kB-mediated inflammatory signaling, modulate cytokine production, and exert protective effects on intestinal epithelial cells in preclinical models of colitis and gut inflammation. Its small molecular size, water solubility, and stability make it an accessible tool for studying peptide-mediated resolution of inflammation in cellular and animal research systems. For research use only. Not for human consumption.

Chemical Structure and Identification

• Molecular Formula: C₁₆H₃₀N₄O₄
• Molecular Weight: 342.44 g/mol
• CAS Number: 67727-97-3

Research Applications

• Intestinal Inflammation Research: Study of KPV’s protective effects on intestinal epithelial barrier function and its inhibitory activity on NF-kB signaling in colitis models [1]
• Melanocortin System Pharmacology: Investigation of KPV as a minimal alpha-MSH fragment for probing melanocortin receptor-mediated and receptor-independent anti-inflammatory mechanisms [2]
• Skin Inflammation Models: Examination of KPV’s effects on keratinocyte inflammatory gene expression and its potential to modulate dermal inflammatory cascades [3]
• Nanoparticle Drug Delivery Research: Use of KPV as a model anti-inflammatory peptide cargo in nanoparticle and hydrogel delivery systems targeting gastrointestinal tissue [4]

Reference Citations

1. Kannengiesser K et al. (2008) – Gut | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18308832/
2. Brzoska T et al. (2008) – Endocrinology | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18703631/
3. PMC10378568 | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10378568/
4. Vong LB et al. (2020) – J Control Release | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32006523/

Important Regulatory Notice

These products are for research use only and are not intended for human consumption, therapeutic use, or diagnostic purposes. All compounds described herein have not been approved by the FDA for human use. These products are strictly intended for in vitro laboratory research and analytical purposes when conducted by qualified research professionals in licensed facilities. Users are responsible for ensuring compliance with all applicable laws regarding purchase and use of these materials.