Glutathione

Glutathione (GSH) is a naturally occurring tripeptide composed of glutamate, cysteine, and glycine. It is the most abundant low-molecular-weight thiol antioxidant in mammalian cells and plays a central role in protecting against oxidative stress, regulating redox homeostasis, and facilitating detoxification pathways. Glutathione functions both as a direct scavenger of reactive oxygen species and as a cofactor for antioxidant enzymes including glutathione peroxidase and glutathione S-transferase. Research has demonstrated its importance in immune cell function, mitochondrial protection, and cellular signaling. GSH levels are frequently studied in the context of aging, metabolic disease, neurodegeneration, and inflammatory conditions. This product is supplied as a lyophilized powder for research use only and is not intended for human consumption.

Chemical Structure and Identification

• Molecular Formula: C₁₀H₁₇N₃O₆S
• Molecular Weight: 307.32 g/mol
• CAS Number: 70-18-8

Research Applications

• Oxidative Stress and Redox Biology: Investigation of glutathione’s role as a primary intracellular antioxidant and its interplay with NADPH-dependent reductase systems in various cell models [1]
• Immune Function Research: Study of GSH’s influence on lymphocyte proliferation, cytokine production, and macrophage activity in immunological models [2]
• Neurodegeneration Models: Examination of glutathione depletion and supplementation effects in models of Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, and oxidative neuronal injury [3]
• Detoxification and Drug Metabolism: Analysis of glutathione S-transferase-mediated conjugation reactions and GSH’s role in xenobiotic metabolism and hepatocellular protection [4]

Reference Citations

1. Wu G et al. (2004) – J Nutr | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15514282/
2. Dröge W et al. (2000) – Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10836141/
3. Ballatori N et al. (2009) – Biol Chem | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19558234/
4. PMC3372862 | https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3372862/

Important Regulatory Notice

These products are for research use only and are not intended for human consumption, therapeutic use, or diagnostic purposes. All compounds described herein have not been approved by the FDA for human use. These products are strictly intended for in vitro laboratory research and analytical purposes when conducted by qualified research professionals in licensed facilities. Users are responsible for ensuring compliance with all applicable laws regarding purchase and use of these materials.